Convergence of Energy and Mobility: Building a Stronger Future for Global Energy and Mobility Management

Addressing the Challenges of Renewable Energy Integration

The increasing reliance on renewable energy sources such as wind and solar power is reshaping the energy landscape. However, the inherent variability of these alternative sources poses significant challenges for grid stability. Traditional energy grids, designed for predictable and centralized power generation, must now adapt to the fluctuating inputs from renewables and the rising usage of electric vehicles, heat pumps, and digitalization-driven energy consumption. Without innovative solutions, this shift could require massive and costly infrastructure upgrades.

V2G technology offers a solution by enabling bi-directional energy flow between electric vehicles and the grid. This means that EVs can not only draw electricity from the grid but also return stored energy when demand peaks or when renewable supply is low. By treating EV batteries as distributed energy resources, V2G can help regulate fluctuations in energy supply, reduce the need for grid expansion, and support the integration of clean energy.

In-depth Project Design

The PoC focuses on evaluating the practical implementation of V2G technology in both commercial and residential environments. The project's design includes several key components:

1. Bi-directional AC/DC Charging Stations: The project will evaluate the performance of advanced charging stations, capable of both charging and discharging EV batteries. These stations will be integrated with the existing grid infrastructure to assess their impact on grid stability and energy management.
2. V2G Software Solutions: Custom software will be developed to manage the bi-directional energy flow between EVs and the grid. This software will ensure seamless communication between the vehicles, charging stations, and grid operators, optimizing the timing of energy exchanges based on grid needs and energy prices.
3. Grid Operations Integration: The project will explore how V2G technology can be integrated into grid operations to enhance overall grid management. This includes balancing energy loads, managing peak demand, and utilizing EV batteries as emergency power sources.

The project is structured to comply with the latest international standards, including ISO 15118-20 and OCPP 2.1, which govern vehicle-to-grid communication interfaces. This guarantees that the technology evaluated in the PoC is compatible with future developments in the field.

Project Outcomes and Benefits for NTT DATA

NTT DATA brings its extensive expertise in sustainable mobility, digitalization, and IT services to the forefront. The outcomes of this PoC will have significant implications on NTT DATA's service offerings:

• Enhanced Digital Platforms: The PoC will provide valuable insights into the requirements for digital platforms that support V2G technology. NTT DATA will use this knowledge to develop robust, scalable solutions that can be deployed across various markets.
• New Business Models: By analyzing the economic viability of V2G and the potential for new energy tariffs and services, NTT DATA can offer clients innovative business models that align with the evolving energy market.
• Strengthened Partnerships: The strategic collaboration with energy providers, EV manufacturers, and other stakeholders will reinforce NTT DATA's position as a leader in smart energy solutions. Co-creation will facilitate new opportunities for partnerships and projects.

Positive Results from Initial Bi-directional Charging Tests with Polestar and Ambibox

Only Polestar 3 (PS 3) and Polestar 4 (PS 4) models in the global auto market offer AC and DC bi-directional charging capabilities. In the first live lab of the project, the PS 4 was assessed by discharging and charging with a DC Ambibox Wallbox charger with an integrated, stable-running EMS. The tests were positive and managed varying loads in this first-step Vehicle-to-Home (V2H) design. Having gained these initial results, the project team took the first steps towards the practical implementation of V2G.

The rising demand for electric vehicles and renewable energy in Germany

Germany, being one of the leading markets for electric vehicles, provides a compelling backdrop for this PoC. The country has seen significant growth in the adoption of EVs, driven by government incentives, a growing charging infrastructure, and increasing consumer awareness of environmental issues.

• As of 2024, Germany has registered over 1.5 million electric vehicles, reflecting a year-on-year growth rate of approximately 50%.

In parallel, Germany's energy consumption patterns are evolving. The transition to renewable energy sources is accelerating, with renewables accounting for over 46% of the country's electricity consumption in 2023. However, this shift brings challenges in balancing supply and demand, particularly during periods of low wind or sunlight.

• According to data from the Federal Ministry for Economic Affairs and Energy, total electricity consumption in Germany reached approximately 560 TWh in 2023. This figure highlights the scale of the challenge and the potential impact that V2G technology could have on the energy market.

A Vision for the Future

The successful completion of this PoC will lay the groundwork for the broader adoption of V2G technology, not only in Germany but globally. By demonstrating the feasibility and benefits of bi-directional energy flow, this project will pave the way for new business models, enhanced grid management, and a more sustainable future.

Nevertheless, the project team is aware of certain obstacles that can be overcome through urgent action by the German Government. The country is still lacking a Smart Meter rollout nationwide, essential for balanced load and energy data management.

The project partners are committed to continuing their collaboration beyond the PoC with a succeeding Pilot project to expand the scope of V2G technology across different sectors and regions. The insights gained from this pilot will forge future projects, driving innovation in both the energy and mobility sectors.

In conclusion, the Vehicle-to-Grid pilot project is more than just a technical test; it is a strategic initiative that aims to reshape the energy landscape. By harnessing the potential of mobile batteries inside electric vehicles as dynamic energy resources, this project is spearheading the transformation towards a more resilient, efficient, and sustainable energy system. The collaboration of industry leaders, application of innovative technology, and the focus on real-world outcomes make this PoC a crucial milestone in the global mobility transformation and energy transition.